An original and unique work that will fill a huge gap in the field of military history, and be of interest to both scholars and general readers.

It is a picture of the universal role of cavalry in warfare from earliest times to the present – and future. It covers the role of horses and essential mobility in ‘shock action’, in warfare in the classical world, in the major civilisations of China and India, Steppe cavalry, in the Middle Ages with Islamic and European conflict, the ‘social politics’ in Christendom with knightly valour, and war with non-Christian forces including the Muslim invasion of Europe, Islamic Spain, and conflict with the Mongols. The early modern period covers Asia and North Africa and the Ottomans – a major field of warfare continuing up to the modern period – and the time is notable for the introduction of horses in the Americas – a new phase in cavalry history. The modern period from Napoleon to the First World War is the history of the mobility of cavalry in European warfare and in imperial expansion and empire-building, but the concept of cavalry ‘redundancy’ arises in the maelstrom of 1914-1918 with artillery bombardment, trench warfare and the role of infantry. The long ‘transition’ period leading up the present and future is important for cavalry and the development of tanks. And here is a fascinating and original concept of cavalry ‘transformation’ and not cavalry ‘survivalism’, with modern and post-modern development of drone warfare – from horses to drones – as a ‘new cavalry’ for reconnaissance and combat.